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<!DOCTYPE glossary SYSTEM "gnc-locale-C.dtd">
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<glossary id="gnc-gloss">
  <title>&app; Glossary</title>

  <para>This is a glossary of common terms used in &app;. Some entries here are taken from
    <ulink url="&url-wp-en;Main_Page">Wikipedia</ulink>.
  </para>
<!-- ... -->
  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_account">
    <glossterm>Account</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>An account keeps track of what you own, owe, spend or receive.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_accountingperiod">
    <glossterm>Accounting Period</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>An accounting period is the period with reference to which accounting books of an entity are
        prepared. Common accounting periods include month, quarter, and year.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_aqbanking">
    <glossterm>AqBanking</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>A library which implements the German Home Banking Computer Interface (HBCI) and Electronic Banking
        Internet Communication Standard (EBICS), OFX Direct Connect and Paypal. It is the successor
        of openHBCI.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_asset">
    <glossterm>Asset</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>An asset is something you own. Anything tangible or intangible that can be owned or controlled to
        produce value and that is held to have positive economic value is considered an asset.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_balancesheet">
    <glossterm>Balance Sheet</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>A Balance Sheet is a summary of the financial balances of an individual or organization. It
        summarizes a company's assets, liabilities and ownership equity at a specific point in time.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_book">
    <glossterm>Book</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>A book is a record of all transactions for an individual or organization. In &app;, each file
        contains a book.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_capgainloss">
    <glossterm>Capital Gain/Loss</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>The difference between the purchase and selling prices of an investment at the time the investment
        is sold. Also known as <emphasis>Realized Gain/Loss</emphasis>. Before an investment is
        sold, the difference in value is referred to as <emphasis>Unrealized Gain/Loss</emphasis>.
      </para>
      <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_realgainloss">Realized Gain/Loss</glossseealso>
      <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_unrealgainloss">Unrealized Gain/Loss</glossseealso>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_capstock">
    <glossterm>Capital stock</glossterm> <glosssee otherterm="gnc-gl_stock">Stock</glosssee>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_chartofaccounts">
    <glossterm>Chart of Accounts</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>A listing of all the accounts available in the data file. The chart of accounts consists of balance
        sheet accounts (assets, liabilities, stockholders' equity) and income statement accounts
        (revenues, expenses, gains, losses).
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_commission">
    <glossterm>Commission</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>The fee paid to a broker to buy or sell securities.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_commodity">
    <glossterm>Commodity</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>A commodity is something of value that is easily tradeable or sellable; for example, currencies,
        stocks, bonds, grain, copper, and oil are all commodities.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_commonstock">
    <glossterm>Common stock</glossterm> <glosssee otherterm="gnc-gl_stock">Stock</glosssee>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_compounding">
    <glossterm>Compounding</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>The concept that the reinvested interest can later earn interest of its own (interest on interest).
        This is often referred to as <emphasis>compound interest</emphasis>.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_costbasis">
    <glossterm>Cost Basis</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>Cost basis is the original cost of property, adjusted for various factors. Its primary use is for
        tax purposes. Factors that affect the cost basis include: stock splits, dividends,
        depreciation and return of capital distributions. Cost basis is used to determine the
        <emphasis>capital gain</emphasis>.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_csv">
    <glossterm>CSV</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>Stands for Comma Separated Values. CSV files are used to store data in plain text. Each line of the
        file is a record and each record can be comprised of multiple fields separated by commas.
        CSV is one import format that &app; supports.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_dividends">
    <glossterm>Dividends</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>Dividends are cash payments a company makes to shareholders. The amount of this payment is usually
        determined as some amount of the profits of the company. Not all common stocks give
        dividends.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_equities">
    <glossterm>Equities</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>Equities are investments in which the investor becomes part (or whole) owner in something.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_fints">
    <glossterm>Financial Transaction Services (FinTS)</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>A banking protocol used by German banks. Developed by the German Central Banking Committee ZKA
        (Zentraler Kredit-Ausschuss). The standard is used only by German banks. Prior 2002, it was
        called Home Banking Computer Interface (HBCI). FinTS is one import format that &app;
        supports.
      </para>
      <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_hbci">Home Computer Banking Interface (HBCI)</glossseealso>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_gsettings">
    <glossterm>GSettings</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>Since version 2.5 the tool that stores user configuration data. It uses the native data store of the
        operating system:
      </para>

      <variablelist>
        <varlistentry>
          <term>&lin;</term>

          <listitem>
            <para>DConf since Gnome 3.0 dropped GConf
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>

        <varlistentry>
          <term>&mac;</term>

          <listitem>
            <para>Defaults. Use the command-line defaults(1) to modify prefs when GnuCash isn't running.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>

        <varlistentry>
          <term>&win;</term>

          <listitem>
            <para>Registry.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
      </variablelist>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_hbci">
    <glossterm>Home Computer Banking Interface (HBCI)</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>A bank-independent online banking protocol used by German banks. Home Banking Computer Interface
        (HBCI) was developed by the German Central Banking Committee ZKA (Zentraler
        Kredit-Ausschuss). Since 2002, it has been called Financial Transaction Services (FinTS).
        HBCI is one import format that &app; supports.
      </para>
      <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_fints">Financial Transaction Services (FinTS)</glossseealso>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_interest">
    <glossterm>Interest</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>What a borrower pays a lender for the use of their money. Normally, this is expressed in terms of a
        percentage of the principal per year. For example, a savings account with 1% interest will
        pay you $1 for every $100 you keep deposited per year.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_liability">
    <glossterm>Liability</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>A liability is a debt or obligation that an individual or organization owes.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_libofx">
    <glossterm>LibOFX</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>An open source library for <emphasis>OFX</emphasis>. It was created by one of the &app; developers,
        originally to be the OFX interface for &app;.
      </para>
      <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_ofx">OFX</glossseealso>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_liquidity">
    <glossterm>Liquidity</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>A measure of how easily convertible an investment is to cash. Money in a savings account is very
        liquid, while money invested in a house has low liquidity because it takes time to sell a
        house.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_lot">
    <glossterm>Lot</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>A lot is a means of grouping a commodity so that you later identify that the item bought in one
        transaction is the same as one sold in a different transaction. Lots are often implemented
        with stocks, where capital gain can depend on which item is being sold at a given time.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_mt940">
    <glossterm>MT940</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>A financial information standard defined by SWIFT and used by several European banks. It is also
        used internally in HBCI. Unfortunately, you can't download the MT940 standard, but some
        banks publish it on their websites. MT940 is one import format that &app; supports.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_ofx">
    <glossterm>OFX</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>The Open Financial eXchange format. This is a financial information exchange standard used by many
        institutions. OFX is one import format that &app; supports.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_pricedb">
    <glossterm>Price Database</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>The price database contains a store of price quotes for stocks, mutual funds, and currencies.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_principal">
    <glossterm>Principal</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>The original amount of money invested or borrowed.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_qfx">
    <glossterm>QFX</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>The Quicken Financial eXchange format is a proprietary financial information exchange standard
        promoted by Quicken and used by many institutions. QFX is one import format that &app;
        supports.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_qif">
    <glossterm>QIF</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>The Quicken Interchange Format (QIF) is an open specification for reading and writing financial data
        to files. This is an older format that is still used by many institutions. QIF is one import
        format that &app; supports.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_realgainloss">
    <glossterm>Realized Gain/Loss</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>The difference between the purchase and selling prices of an investment at the time the investment
        is sold. Also known as <emphasis>Capital Gain/Loss</emphasis>. Before an investment is sold,
        the difference in value is referred to as <emphasis>Unrealized Gain/Loss</emphasis>.
      </para>
      <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_capgainloss">Capital Gain/Loss</glossseealso>
      <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_unrealgainloss">Unrealized Gain/Loss</glossseealso>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_reconciliation">
    <glossterm>Reconciliation</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>Reconciliation is a verification process in which the user compares their records with those of the
        financial institution to ensure that the records in each system agree at some particular
        point in time. During reconciliation, the user checks individual transactions in their file
        against the institution's statement; upon completion, the reported balances of the
        institution and the reconciled account will match at that point in the register.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_return">
    <glossterm>Return</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>The total income plus capital gains or losses of an investment.
      </para>
      <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_yield">Yield</glossseealso>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_reversingtxn">
    <glossterm>Reversing Transaction</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>In formal accounting, a transaction is never deleted. Therefore, when a mistake is made, the
        original transaction remains in the ledger, and a transaction is added to the ledger that
        reverses the original. This <emphasis>reversing transaction</emphasis> duplicates the
        original transaction, but with debit and credit amounts reversed. This removes the effect of
        the erroneous transaction from the books. After entering the reversing transaction, a
        corrected transaction can then be entered. Reversing transactions are not commonly used in
        personal accounting.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_risk">
    <glossterm>Risk</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>The probability that the return on investment is different from what was expected. Investments are
        often grouped on a scale from low risk (e.g., savings accounts or government bonds) to high
        risk (e.g., common stocks or junk bonds). As a general rule of thumb, the higher the risk,
        the higher the possible return.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_schedtxn">
    <glossterm>Scheduled Transaction</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>Scheduled transactions provide a framework for remembering information about transactions that are
        set to occur in the future, either once or periodically.
      </para>
      <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_yield">Yield</glossseealso>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_scheme">
    <glossterm>Scheme</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>Scheme is a functional programming language based on a dialect of LISP. Reports in &app; use the
        Scheme programming language; thus, users wishing to customize reports must write Scheme.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_shareholder">
    <glossterm>Shareholder</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>A shareholder is a person who holds common stock in a company.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_split">
    <glossterm>Split</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>A split, or Ledger Entry, is the fundamental accounting unit. Each split consists of an amount, the
        value of that amount expressed in a (possibly) different currency, a Memo, a pointer to the
        parent Transaction, a pointer to the debited Account, a reconciled flag and timestamp, an
        action field, and a key-value frame which can store arbitrary data.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_stock">
    <glossterm>Stock</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>A security that represents a certain fractional ownership of a company. This is what you buy when
        you <quote>buy stock</quote> in a company on the open market. This is also sometimes known
        as <emphasis>capital stock</emphasis>, or <emphasis>common stock</emphasis>.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_stocksplit">
    <glossterm>Stock split</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>Occurs when a company offers to issue some additional multiple of shares for each existing stock.
        For example, a <quote>2 for 1</quote> stock split means that if you own 100 shares of a
        stock, you will receive an additional 100 shares at no cost to you. The unit price of the
        shares will usually be adjusted so there is no net change in the value, so in this example
        the price per share will be halved. Note that such transactions affect the cost basis per
        share owned.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_transaction">
    <glossterm>Transaction</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>A transaction consists of a date, a description, an ID number, a list of two or more splits, and a
        key-value frame. Transactions embody the notion of "double entry" accounting.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_unrealgainloss">
    <glossterm>Unrealized Gain/Loss</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>Unrealized gain or loss is the difference in value between a purchase price and the current value of
        a given asset. These gains remain unrealized until the asset is sold, at which point they
        become <emphasis>Realized gains or losses</emphasis>.
      </para>
      <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_capgainloss">Capital Gain/Loss</glossseealso>
      <glossseealso otherterm="gnc-gl_realgainloss">Realized Gain/Loss</glossseealso>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_valuation">
    <glossterm>Valuation</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>The process of determining the market value or the price the investment would sell at in a
        <quote>reasonable time frame</quote>.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_xml">
    <glossterm>XML</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>The eXtensible Markup Language is an international markup standard. &app; stores its data by default
        in an XML data structure.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>

  <glossentry id="gnc-gl_yield">
    <glossterm>Yield</glossterm>
    <glossdef>
      <para>A measure of the amount of money you earn from an investment (i.e., how much income you receive from
        the investment). Typically, this is reported as a percentage of the principal amount. Yield
        does not include capital gains or losses (see Return). For example, a stock that sells for
        $100 and gives $2 in dividends per year has a yield of 2%.
      </para>
    </glossdef>
  </glossentry>
<!-- ... -->
</glossary>
